Your Health is Your Greatest Wealth - Free Presentation

According to the World Health Organization (W.H.O), every individual passes through three (3) zones of life.

These are;

q  Vibrant zone (0-25 years)

q  Tired zone (25-50 years)

q  Sick zone (50-75 and above)

Between 0-25 years, the graph shows that we are in the vibrant zone. This is the age whereby your cells are very vibrant and active. You can afford to do anything you wish. You can run, jump, play football, if you can remember all you did at this age as a little child or teenager.

Between 25-50 years, the graph shows that you move into the tired zone. Here, your cells are tired and you can no longer do most things you used to do when you are much younger.

Between 50-75 and above, the graph shows that you enter a sick zone. At this age, your cells are completely tired and sick. This is the age all kinds of sickness start coming out such as:

ž  High Blood Pressure (HBP)

ž  Diabetes

ž  Arthritis

ž  Stroke etc

For us to be in a vibrant zone; i.e. for us to have good health, the W.H.O. advises that every individual should always do three basic things on a daily basis. These are:

ž  REST

ž  EXERCISE and

ž  DIET

According to the World Health Organization,

ü  Rest contributes 10% to a good health

ü  Exercise contributes 10% to a good health

ü  Diet contributes 80% to a good health

REST

q  It improves mental alertness

q  It calms the nerves and prevents hyper-activeness

q  It aids digestion and proper metabolism of energy

EXERCISE

q  It helps the blood to circulate properly

q  It increases energy

q  It helps the joint to be flexible

q  It helps one to grow and look younger

q  It stimulates proper functioning of the heart, kidney and brain.

DIET

The third requirement is DIET. Diet is very important because it contributes 80% to a good health. The World Health Organization (W.H.O) advises that we need to eat a balanced diet.

WHAT IS A BALANCED DIET?

A balanced diet is a diet that contains all the food nutrients in the right proportion or quantity. These nutrients are referred to as “the chains of life:. They are six in number. These are;

q  Carbohydrates

q  Protein

q  Minerals

q  Enzymes

q  Vitamins

q  Lipids and Sterols

Among these 6 nutrients, which one do we eat more?

CARBOHYDRATES AND PROTEIN

Our diet lacks the other four nutrients.

Among the 6 nutrients, which one is the most important?

LIPIDS AND STEROLS

The recommended daily requirement of daily whole grains by the World Health Organization is:

q  7 – 9 plates of Rice Bran

q  7 – 9 plates of Soya Beans

q  124 slices of Wheat Bread

FACT

The human body contains 73 Trillion cells and Scientists have discovered that by the time we are 25-50 years old, we lose about 10,000 cells on a daily basis. By the time we reach 50 years and above, we would have lost 50 million cells and that’s the reason we end up in the sick zone.

For this not to happen to us, we need to feed our cells with Lipids and Sterols which we can only get from whole grains.

As a result of turning the Food Pyramid upside down, we experience a lot of CHRONIC DISEASES.

WHAT ARE CHRONIC DISEASES?

Chronic Diseases are diseases that we might not escape before we die i.e. natural death. This happen to us early than normal as a result of our poor diet.

Some of these Chronic Diseases are:

q  Diabetes

q  Heart Disease e.g

• High Blood Pressure
• Hypertension
• Heart Attack

High blood pressure and Hypertension often lead to STROKE

q  Cancer (breast, ovarian, prostate, lung, cervix, uterus, nasal cavity, eyes etc)

q  Arthritis

q  Kidney failure

WHAT IS DIABETES?

Diabetes is a disorder of metabolism -- the way our bodies use digested food for growth and energy. Most of the food we eat is broken down into glucose, the form of sugar in the blood. Glucose is the main source of fuel for the body.

After digestion, glucose passes into the bloodstream, where it is used by cells for growth and energy. For glucose to get into cells, insulin must be present. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas, a large gland behind the stomach.

When we eat, the pancreas automatically produces the right amount of insulin to move glucose from blood into our cells. In people with diabetes, however, the pancreas either produces little or no insulin, or the cells do not respond appropriately to the insulin that is produced. Glucose builds up in the blood, overflows into the urine, and passes out of the body. Thus, the body loses its main source of fuel even though the blood contains large amounts of sugar.

WHAT CAUSES DIABETES?

EXCESS OF SUGAR IN THE BLOOD

10 FACTS ABOUT DIABETES

ž  ABOUT 347 MILLION PEOPLE WORLDWIDE HAVE DIABETES

There is an emerging global epidemic of diabetes that can be traced back to rapid increases in overweight, including obesity and physical inactivity.

ž  DIABETES IS PREDICTED TO BECOME THE 7TH LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH IN THE WORLD BY THE YEAR 2030

Total deaths from diabetes are projected to rise by more than 50% in the next 10 years.

ž  THERE ARE TWO MAJOR FORMS OF DIABETES

Type 1 diabetes is characterized by a lack of insulin production and type 2 diabetes results from the body's ineffective use of insulin.

ž  A THIRD TYPE OF DIABETES IS GESTATIONAL DIABETES

This type is characterized by hyperglycaemia, or raised blood sugar, with values above normal but below those diagnostic of diabetes, occurring during pregnancy. Women with gestational diabetes are at an increased risk of complications during pregnancy and at delivery. They are also at increased risk of type 2 diabetes in the future.

ž  TYPE 2 DIABETES IS MUCH MORE COMMON THAN TYPE 1 DIABETES

Type 2 accounts for around 90% of all diabetes worldwide. Reports of type 2 diabetes in children – previously rare – have increased worldwide. In some countries, it accounts for almost half of newly diagnosed cases in children and adolescents.

ž  CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IS RESPONSIBLE FOR BETWEEN 50% AND 80% OF DEATHS IN PEOPLE WITH DIABETES

Diabetes has become one of the major causes of premature illness and death in most countries, mainly through the increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

ž  IN 2012 DIABETES WAS THE DIRECT CAUSE OF 1.5 MILLION DEATHS

ž  80% of diabetes deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries

In developed countries most people with diabetes are above the age of retirement, whereas in developing countries those most frequently affected are aged between 35 and 64.

The three main types of diabetes are:

q  Type 1 diabetes

q  Type 2 diabetes

q  Gestational diabetes

Type 1 Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease. An autoimmune disease results when the body's system for fighting infection (the immune system) turns against a part of the body. In diabetes, the immune system attacks the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas and destroys them. The pancreas then produces little or no insulin. A person who has type 1 diabetes must take insulin daily to live.

At present, scientists do not know exactly what causes the body's immune system to attack the beta cells, but they believe that autoimmune, genetic, and environmental factors, possibly viruses, are involved. Type 1 diabetes accounts for about 5 percent of diagnosed. It develops most often in children and young adults, but can appear at any age.

 Symptoms of type 1 diabetes usually develop over a short period, although beta cell destruction can begin years earlier. Symptoms include increased thirst and urination, constant hunger, weight loss, blurred vision, and extreme fatigue. If not diagnosed and treated with insulin, a person with type 1 diabetes can lapse into a life-threatening diabetic coma, also known as diabetic ketoacidosis.

Type 2 Diabetes

The most common form of diabetes is type 2 diabetes. About 90 to 95 percent of people with diabetes have type 2. This form of diabetes is associated with older age, obesity, family history of diabetes, previous history of gestational diabetes, physical inactivity, and ethnicity. About 80 percent of people with type 2 diabetes are overweight.

 Type 2 diabetes is increasingly being diagnosed in children and adolescents. About 3,700 people under the age of 20 were diagnosed with diabetes based on 2002-2003 data.

When type 2 diabetes is diagnosed, the pancreas is usually producing enough insulin, but for unknown reasons, the body cannot use the insulin effectively, a condition called insulin resistance. After several years, insulin production decreases. The result is the same as for type 1 diabetes -- glucose builds up in the blood and the body cannot make efficient use of its main source of fuel.

The symptoms of type 2 diabetes develop gradually. Their onset is not as sudden as in type 1 diabetes. Symptoms may include fatigue or nausea, frequent urination, unusual thirst, weight loss, blurred vision, frequent infections, and slow healing of wounds or sores. Some people have no symptoms.

Gestational Diabetes

Gestational diabetes develops only during pregnancy. Like type 2 diabetes, it occurs more often in Africans, African Americans, American Indians, Hispanic Americans, and among women with a family history of diabetes. Women who have had gestational diabetes have a 20 to 50 percent chance of developing type 2 diabetes within 5 to 10 years.

An estimated 57 million people over age 20 have impaired fasting glucose, suggesting that at least that many adults had pre-diabetes in 2007.

Diabetes is widely recognized as one of the leading causes of death and disability in the United States. In 2006, it was the seventh leading cause of death. However, diabetes is likely to be underreported as the underlying cause of death on death certificates.

Diabetes is associated with long-term complications that affect almost every part of the body. The disease often leads to blindness, heart and blood vessel disease, stroke, kidney failure, amputations, and nerve damage. Uncontrolled diabetes can complicate pregnancy, and birth defects are more common in babies born to women with diabetes.

CANCER

Cancer is a generic term for a large group of diseases that can affect any part of the body. Other terms used are malignant tumours and neoplasms. One defining feature of cancer is the rapid creation of abnormal cells that grow beyond their usual boundaries, and which can then invade adjoining parts of the body and spread to other organs, the latter process is referred to as metastasizing. Metastases are the major cause of death from cancer.

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for 8.2 million deaths in 2012. The most common causes of cancer death are cancers of:

ž  Lung (1.59 million deaths)

ž  Liver (745 000 deaths)

ž  Stomach (723 000 deaths)

ž  Colorectal (694 000 deaths)

ž  Breast (521 000 deaths)

ž  Oesophageal cancer (400 000 deaths)

W.H.O. FACTS

ž  The number of new cases is expected to rise by about 70% over the next 2 decades.

ž  Among men, the 5 most common sites of cancer diagnosed in 2012 were lung, prostate, colorectum, stomach, and liver cancer.

ž  Among women the 5 most common sites diagnosed were breast, colorectum, lung, cervix, and stomach cancer.

ž  Around one third of cancer deaths are due to the 5 leading behavioural and dietary risks: high body mass index, low fruit and vegetable intake, lack of physical activity, tobacco use, alcohol use.

ž  Tobacco use is the most important risk factor for cancer causing around 20% of global cancer deaths and around 70% of global lung cancer deaths.

ž  Cancer causing viral infections such as HPB, HPC and HPV, HIV are responsible for up to 20% of cancer deaths in low- and middle-income countries.

ž  More than 60% of world’s total new annual cases occur in Africa, Asia and Central and South America. These regions account for 70% of the world’s cancer deaths.

ž  It is expected that annual cancer cases will rise from 14 million in 2012 to 22 within the next 2 decades.

WHAT CAUSES CANCER?

ž  Cancer arises from one single cell. The transformation from a normal cell into a tumour cell is a multistage process, typically a progression from a pre-cancerous lesion to malignant tumours. These changes are the result of the interaction between a person's genetic factors and 3 categories of external agents, including:

ž  physical carcinogens, such as ultraviolet and ionizing radiation;

ž  chemical carcinogens, such as asbestos, components of tobacco smoke, aflatoxin (a food contaminant) and arsenic (a drinking water contaminant); and

ž  biological carcinogens, such as infections from certain viruses, bacteria or parasites.

HOW CAN CANCER BE PREVENTED?

More than 30% of cancer deaths could be prevented by modifying or avoiding key risk factors, including:

ž  tobacco use

ž  being overweight or obese

ž  unhealthy diet with low fruit and vegetable intake

ž  lack of physical activity

ž  alcohol use

ž  sexually transmitted HPV-infection

ž  infection by Hepatitis B,C Virus

ž  ionizing and non-ionizing radiation

ž  urban air pollution

ž  indoor smoke from household use of solid fuels.

ž  Reduce exposure to non-ionizing radiation by sunlight. (UV)

ž  Reduce exposure to ionizing radiation (occupational or medical diagnostic imaging).

Tobacco use is the single most important risk factor for cancer causing about 20% of global cancer deaths and around 70% of global lung cancer deaths. In many low-income countries, up to 20% of cancer deaths are due to infection by HBV and HPV