Healthy
food habits can help you reduce three risk factors for stroke – poor
cholesterol levels, high blood pressure and excess weight. Diets high in
saturated fat and trans fat can raise
blood cholesterol levels. Diets high in sodium can contribute to increased
blood pressure, and high-calorie diets can contribute to obesity. A diet with
five or more servings of fruits and vegetables per day may reduce the risk of stroke.
The
American Heart Association/American Stroke Association offers three
recommendations for a healthy diet:
- Eat a diet rich in vegetables and fruits.
- Choose who-grain, high-fiber foods.
- Eat fish at least twice a week.
- Limit saturated fat and trans fat. Avoiding partially hydrogenated oils will reduce trans fats.
- Choose lean meats and poultry, and prepare them without using saturated or trans fats
- Select low-fat dairy products.
- Cut back on drinks and foods with added sugars.
The AHA recommends that no more than half of your discretionary
calories should come from added sugars. For most American women, the
discretionary calorie allowance is no more than 100 calories and no more than
150 calories for men.
·
Choose and prepare foods with little
salt (sodium). The AHA recommends consuming less than 1500 mg of sodium a day.
·
If you drink alcohol, do so in
moderation. Limit yourself to one drink per day if you’re a non-pregnant woman
or two drinks if you’re a man.
To Get the
Nutrition You Need
Some
stroke survivors have a loss of appetite. For others, eating may be difficult
due to swallowing problems or limited hand or arm movement. In any case,
talk to your healthcare consultant to make sure you’re getting the nutrition
you need. To make eating a little easier again, try these steps;
·
Choose healthy foods with stronger
flavours, such as broiled fish and citrus fruits. Also, spices add flavor to
food and serve as a good substitute for salt.
- Choose colourful, visually appealing foods, such as salmon, carrots and dark green vegetables.
- Cut foods into small pieces to make them easier to chew.
- Pick softer, easier-to-chew foods, such as yogurt, bananas, whole-grain hot cereals and low sodium soups.
·
If you have trouble swallowing, talk to
your speech therapist or doctor. This condition can be treated.
· If weakness in arms or hands is a
problem, you might try adaptive eating utensils. Some types of flatware have
thicker handles that are easier to hold, and “rocker knives” make it possible
to cut food using one hand.
Making Mealtime
Easier
When
stroke survivors have lost their appetites, caregivers can help by:
·
Sharing meals with the survivor at
regular times during the day.
·
Setting a leisurely pace for the meal.
·
Serving foods that the survivor wants.
·
Encouraging healthy snacks or small
meals throughout the day.
·
Reducing distractions during meals.
·
Watching for any problems the survivor
may have with chewing or swallowing.
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